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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tatpip</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Техника и технология пищевых производств</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Food Processing: Techniques and Technology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-9414</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-1748</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Кемеровский государственный университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21603/2074-9414-2025-1-2554</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tatpip-68</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Химический состав дистиллята из пшеницы в процессе выдержки в контакте с древесиной дуба</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of Oak Wood Aging on Chemical Composition of Wheat Distillate</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7735-2942</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шелехова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shelekhova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya V. Shelekhova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">4953610101@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9297-0554</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абрамова</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abramova</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina M. Abramova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3851-4034</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шелехова</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shelekhova</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tamara M. Shelekhova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0737-0624</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скворцова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skvortsova</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liubov I. Skvortsova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1266-523X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полтавская</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Poltavskaya</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natаlya V. Poltavskaya</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт пищевой биотехнологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Scientific Research Institute of Food Biotechnology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>55</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шелехова Н.В., Абрамова И.М., Шелехова Т.М., Скворцова Л.И., Полтавская Н.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шелехова Н.В., Абрамова И.М., Шелехова Т.М., Скворцова Л.И., Полтавская Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shelekhova N.V., Abramova I.M., Shelekhova T.M., Skvortsova L.I., Poltavskaya N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fptt.ru/jour/article/view/68">https://www.fptt.ru/jour/article/view/68</self-uri><abstract><p>Приготовление выдержанных зерновых дистиллятов по классической технологии предполагает длительную выдержку в дубовых бочках. Особую актуальность приобретают исследования, направленные на интенсификацию данного процесса. Несмотря на значительный объем научных публикаций, проблема остается недостаточно изученной. Цель данного  исследования – расширить и уточнить данные о химическом составе зерновых дистиллятов, находившихся в контакте с древесиной дуба.</p><p>Объектами исследования послужили образцы невыдержанного зернового дистиллята крепостью 60 % из пшеницы урожая 2023 г. и модельные растворы, приготовленные из невыдержанного зернового дистиллята  и промышленной дубовой щепы размером 1,0×0,5 см (Экочипс, Франция) слабой, средней и сильной степени термической обработки, выдержанные в течение 7, 14, 21, 28 суток в защищенном от света месте. В работе реализован подход, обеспечивающий повышение информативности исследования химического состава зерновых дистиллятов, основанный на сочетании методов газовой хроматографии, хромато-масс-спектрометрии, капиллярного электрофореза. В качестве варьируемых факторов были выбраны степень термической обработки дубовой щепы и продолжительность экстракции. С применением комплекса разработанных авторами экспрессных методик был установлен состав летучих органических примесей и ионный состав зерновых дистиллятов.  В наибольших концентрациях обнаружены высшие спирты изоамилол, изобутанол и 1-пропанол – до 80 % к сумме зарегистрированных летучих органических примесей. Определены диапазоны варьирования: для изоамилола – 1354,3–1489,3 мг/дм3, для изобутанола – 235,0–261,9 мг/дм3, для 1-пропанола – 119,6–134,9 мг/дм3. Подтвердилось, что тематическая спектральная библиотека Whiskey22 обеспечивает точность иден тификации не менее 90 %. В процессе выдержки дистиллята в контакте с древесиной дуба различной степени обжига изменялись не только массовые концентрации, но и перечень идентифицированных ионов. В максимальных концен трациях ацетаты (67,3 мг/дм3), калий (4,2 мг/дм3), фосфаты (2,9 мг/дм3), лактаты (2,4 мг/дм3), хлориды (2,3 мг/дм3) обнаружены в модельном растворе, приготовленном с использованием дубовой щепы сильной степени обжига. Най дены соотношения и обозначены их характерные диапазоны – изоамилол:изобутанол (5,7–5,9), изобутанол:1-пропанол (1,9–2,0), этилкапринат:этиллаурат (2,1–2,3), этилкапринат:этилкаприлат (2,9–3,2).</p><p>Проведенное исследование выявило перспективность разработанных инструментальных методик определения химического состава зерновых дистиллятов, которые могут быть использованы при разработке новых технологических приемов производства спиртных напитков.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Traditionally, grain distillates are left to age in oak barrels. This process needs intensification, and this problem remains understudied despite numerous scientific publications. The study expands and clarifies the data on the chemical composition of grain distillates after a long-term contact with oak wood.</p><p>The research featured samples of 60% immature grain distillate from wheat harvested in 2023 and model solutions prepared from immature grain distillate in industrial oak chips (1.0×0.5 cm, Ecochips, France) subjected to a weak, medium, and strong heat treatment modes and stored in the dark for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. The study relied on a combination of gas chromatog raphy, chromatography / mass spectrometry, and capillary electrophoresis. The thermal treatment mode and extraction time were variables.</p><p>The authors developed a set of express methods to define the composition of volatile organic impurities and the ionic composition of grain distillates. Isoamylol, isobutanol, and 1-propanol were the most abundant higher alcohols (≤ 80% total volatile orga nic impurities). The variation ranges were 1 354.3–1 489.3 mg/dm3 for isoamylol, 235.0–261.9 mg/dm3 for isobutanol, and 119.6–134.9 mg/dm3 for 1-propanol. The Whiskey22 thematic spectral library provided a 90% identification accuracy. The aging affected not only the mass concentrations but also the list of ions. In the model solution with the highest degree of thermal treatment, the maximal concentrations belonged to acetates (67.3 mg/dm3), potassium (4.2 mg/dm3), phosphates (2.9 mg/dm3), lac tates (2.4 mg/dm3), and chlorides (2.3 mg/dm3). The optimal ratios and ranges were as follows – isoamylol:isobutanol (5.7–5.9), isobutanol:1-propanol (1.9–2.0), ethyl caprate:ethyl laurate (2.1–2.3), and ethyl caprate:ethyl caprylate (2.9–3.2).</p><p>The new methods proved effective in determining the chemical composition of grain distillates and can be recommended for commercial production of alcoholic beverages.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>зерновой дистиллят</kwd><kwd>химический состав</kwd><kwd>древесина дуба</kwd><kwd>газовая хроматография</kwd><kwd>хромато-масс-спектрометрия</kwd><kwd>капиллярный электрофорез</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>grain distillate</kwd><kwd>chemical composition</kwd><kwd>oak wood</kwd><kwd>gas chromatography</kwd><kwd>chromatography / mass spectrometry</kwd><kwd>capillary electrophoresis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено за счет средств субсидии на выполнение государственного задания (тема № FGMF-2025-0009).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was part of State Assignment, research topic No. FGMF-2025-0009.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Скурихин И. 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